Boiler



H. G. KRAUS Aug- 9 BOILER INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS 2 Sheets-Shea 1 F ed March 5, 1924 Aug. 9, 1927. 1,638,163

' H. G. KRAUS BOILER Filed March 1924 2 Sheets Sheet 2 INVEN TOR.

AT TORNEYS.

radar.

Patented Aug. 9 1927.

PATENT/OFFICE.

HARRY G. KRAUS, OF ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

BOILER.

Application filed March 5, 1924. Serial No. 696,976.

This invention relates in general to boilers or water heaters and moreparticularly to a boiler for steam or hot water heating systems forbuildings.

Que object of the invent-ion is to provide a boiler of this characterembodying novel and improved features of construction whereby gaseousfuel may be effectually and economi cally utilized for generating steamor heating water.

Another object is to provide in such a boiler a novel ,and improvedarrangement of water tubes whereby a circulation of water relative tothe heating medium is obtained which enables a minimum utilization ofthe heat and a rapid generation of steam or heating of water.

A further object is to provide a novel arrangement of water tubes andgaseous or liquid fuel burners whereby a large area of heating surfacefor the water is provided in efficient in operation and to obtain otherresults and advantages as may be brought out by the followingdescription.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which the same referencecharacters designate corresponding and like parts throughout the severalviews,

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view through a boilerembodying my invention, taken on the line 11 of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a transverse vertical sectional view through the boilertaken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1, and

Figure 3 is a detached perspective view of one of the bafiles fordirecting air upwardly to the flames of the gaseous fuel burners andprotecting the same from soot.

In the specific embodiment of the invention shown on the drawing, thereference character A designates the main casing of the boiler whichincludes an outer wall formed of sides and ends 1 and 2 respectively,and a top 3, said outer wall surrounding in spaced relation an innerwall including sides and ends 1 and 5 respectively, and a top 6. Themain casing A is preferably rectangular in plan View and the lower edgesof the sides and ends of the respective outer and inner walls areconnected as at 7 to form an annular water chamber 8 between said sidesand ends of the inner and outer walls and a steam chamber 9 between thetops ofthe outer and inner walls. The inner wall forms a water tube andcombustion chamber 10 which is open at its bottom, and the casing A ispreferably mounted on a base B in which are arranged at the bottom ofthe combustion chamber 10 gaseous fuel burners C for heating the waterin the boiler. The upper end of the combustion chamber 10 is formed witha vent opening 11 extending outwardly through the top of the casing Aand adapted to be connected with a suitable flue 1-2 for carrying offthe gases of combust-ion, and the top of the outer wall of the casing isformed with steam or water outlet openings 13 to which are adapted to beconnected steam or water pipes or conduits for conducting the steam orhot water to the desired points. i

A plurality of series 1 1 of water tubes are spaced longitudinally ofthe casing A within the combustion chamber 10, eachof said seriesincluding two tubes and 16 spaced in the same vertical plane. Each ofsaid tubes 15 and 16 has one end communicating with the water chamber atone side of the casing A adjacent the lowerend thereof and has a portionextending transversely of the chamber 10 substantially horizontally, andanother portion arranged substantially vertically with the other endcommunicating with the water chamber at the opposite side of the boileradjacent the top thereof. Alternate ones of said plurality of series 14of the water tubes have their ends communicating with the water chamberat opposite sides of the casing. In other words, the lower ends of thetubes of one of said series 1A are connected to the water chamber at oneside of the casing, while the lower ends of the tubes of the nextadjacent series 1 1 are connected to the opposite side of the waterchamber. WVith this construction the water may circulate from the lowerends of said tubes 15 and 16 transversely of the chamber 10 and thenvertically thereof to the top of the water chamber.

Alternately arranged with respect to the series 14 of tubes is aplurality of series 17 of water tubes, each of said series 17 includingtwo tubes 18 and 19. One end of ill one tube of each of said series, inthe present instance the tube 18, communicates with the water chamberatone side of the easing adjacent the lower end thereof, and the tubeextends horizontally and ver ically in the chamber with the other endcommunicating with the top of the water chamberber, as do the alternateones of the series 11 ofthe tubes, and the tubes 18 and 19 of each ofthe series 17 are spaced from each other in the same plane. Also, thetubes 18 and 19 communicate with the water chamher at different levelsthan the tubes of the series 14, as clearly shown in Figure 1. As shown,the tube 18 of each of the series 17 is arranged substantially half waybetween the tubes 15 and 16 of the su'ies 14, while the tube .19 ot eachof the series 17 is arranged above the tubes 16 of the series i l. Thereis thus a staggered relation of the tubes 01 the respective series 1 1and 17 which permits a tree passage of hot gases from the burners Cthrough the combustion chamber 10, and at the same time all of theseries 11 and 17 are arranged closely adjacent each other so as tooccupy a minimum amount of space.

With this construction it will be obvious that the circulation of waterin the water chamber of the boiler is greatly increased, and that alarge area oi heating surface is provided in the tubes 15, 16, 18 and19. The water level of the boiler is preferably slightly above the top 6of theinner wall, as clean ly shown on. the drawings, and said top formsin eiiect a crown sheet for the boiler which is directly heated by thehot gases from the burners C. The water will become quickly heated inthe water tubes and will quickly rise therein to the top of the waterchamber, andto avoid the possibility of the water sporting from theupper ends of the water tubes in columns or jets so as to break throughthe surface of the water into the steam chamber and thereby mix with thesteam, the upper ends or the tubes are preferably curved outwardlytoward the sides of the casing, as indicated at 20. Withthe articulararran 'ement of the tubes the opposite sides out the water chamberensures that the water at opposite sides of the chamber will beuniiormly heated and a circulation of all or" the water in the waterchamber ensured. V

A baffle plate 213 is preferably arranged over the horizontal portionsof the water tubes and extends transversely thereoflongitudinally of thechamber 10 so as to defleet the gases of combustion onto the verticalportions of the tubes and prevent .the passage of'said gases directlythrough the vent 11. In this connection, .itwill be noted that the ventis substantially centrally di posed with respect to the chamber 10 sothat the gases must directly contact with thevertical portions of thetubes before they ca escape through the vent 11.

i It is an important feature of my'invention to produce a combinationand arrangement of water tubes and fuel burners so that gaseous orliquid fuel may be economically used and the maximum heating value 01tained therefrom. 1 therefore contemplate using elongated burner tubes21 one of which is arranged directly beneath each of the series 1 1 oftubes and substantially the full width of the combustion chamber 10. Thehorizontal portions ofthe tubes 15 oi said series 14rbeing lowermost inthe chamber 10, the flames from the burner tubes 21 will directlycontact with said portions of said tubes, and these portions of thetubes will deflect the flames and gases of combustion upwardly intocontact with the horizontal portions of the tubes 18, which will in turndirect the gases'upwardly into contact with the tubes 16. These tubes 16will in turn direct the gases upwardly into contact with the tubes 19.There is thus a tortuous passage provided around the tubes which ensuresthe extraction and utilization of a maximum amount of the heat from thehot gases, one end of each of the tubes 21 being connected to a manifoldfuel supply pipe 26 and the lie-w of fuel from said pipe to therespective burners being controlled by valves 27. 7

One end of each of the burner tubes 21 may be mounted in a socket 32formed in the base B, while the other ends of the tubes 21 may besupported by a suitable stand 33 connected to the manitoldpipe 2.6. Apilot light 31 is preferably provided between each two of the burnertubes 21 to simultaneously ignite the fuel from all of said burner tubesas iscommon in gaseous fuel burners.

To prevent the accumulation of soot or other foreign matter on theburner tube and to provide for further mixture of air with the gaseousfuel, I may utilize a baffle plate 35 which is preferably formed ofsheetmetal and V -shaped in cross-section with the edges formed withlaterally projecting tongues 36 which may be conveniently stamped fromlea the plate. One of these bafiies is arranged between each two' of theburner tubes 21 and supported thereon by the tongues 36, so'that theplates are arranged in spaced relation to the tubes 21 and direct airupwardly between them and the tubes into the flames from the burners toincrease the completeness of the combustion. Also, these currents of airrising between the baffle plates 35 and the tubes 21 tend to displaceany soot or other foreign matter which may fall onto the tubes, saidforeign matter being collected on the tops of the baffle plates andbeing easily removed by removal of the baffle plates. To permit accessto the burner tubes, the base B is preferably provided with a hingeddoor 37.

To prevent in ury to the boiler by accidental cXplosion of gaseous fuelwhich I might collect within the combustion chamber 10, the said chamberis preferably provided with vent openings 38 at opposite sides thereofwhich are normally closed by gravity-closed doors 39. Should anexplosion occur in the chamber the doors 39 will be forced open so as toreduce the force of the explosion on the interior of the boiler. Theseopenings 38 may also be utilized for removing the baffle for the purposeof cleaning the water tubes. V

l fhile I have shown and described a boiler embodying certain details ofconstruction, it will be understood that this is mainly for the purposeof illustrating a now preferred embodiment of the invention and thatmany modifications and changes can be made in the details ofconstruction without departing from the spirit or scope of theinvention. Therefore, I do not desire to be understood as limitingmyself except as. required by the following claims when construed in thelight of the prior art. 7

Having thus described the invention, what I claim is: y

1. A boiler comprisinga main casing hav-. ing spaced outer and innerwalls forming a water chamber between them and a water tube chamberwithin said inner wall open at the lower end, a plurality of spacedandsubstantially parallel water tubes each having one end communicatingwith the lower end of said water chamber at one side of said casing andits other end communicating with the upper end of said water chamber atthe opposite side of said casing, each of said tubes having the lowerportion inter mediate its ends extending substantially horizontallyacross said water tube chamber and the other portion substantiallyvertically, and heating means at the lower end of said water tubechamber.

2, A boiler comprising a substantially rectangular main casing havingspaced outer and inner walls forming a water chamber between them and awater tube chamber tion substantially vertically, and heating means atthe lower end of said water tube chamber.

3. A boiler comprising a main casinghaving spaced outer and inner wallsforminga water chamber between them anda water tube chamber within saidinner wall open at the lower end, a plurality of substantially parallelseries of water tubes spaced longitudinally of said water tube chambereach of which includes a plurality of spaced substantially paralleltubes, each of said tubes having one end communicating with the lowerend of said water chamber at one side of said casing and'its other endcommunicating with the upper end of said water chamber. at the oppositeside of said casing, each of said tubes having the lower portionintermediate its ends extending substantially horizontally across saidwater,

tube chamber and the other portion substantially vertically, alternateones of said series of tubes having their corresponding .endscommunicating with opposite sides of said water chamber, and heatingmeans at the lower end of said water tube chamber.

i. A boiler comprising a main casing having spaced outer and inner wallsforming a water chamber between them and a water tube chamber withinsaid inner wall open at the lower end, a plurality of spaced andparallel series-of tubes in said water tube chamber each of whichincludes a plurality of parallel tubes spaced in the same verticalplane, each of said tubes having one end communicating with the lowerend of said water chamber at one side of said casing and its other endcommunicating with said second-mentioned series conimunicat-r ing attheir ends with said water chamber and arranged in staggered relation tothe tubes of the first-mentioned series, and heating means at the lowerend of said water tube chamber. V

A boiler comprising a main casing having spaced outer and inner wallsforming a water chamber between them and a water tube chamber withinsaid inner wall open at the lower end, a plurality of parallel series oftubes in said water tube chamber each of which includes a plurality ofparallel tubes spaced in the same vertical plane, each of said tubeshaving one end communieating with the lower end of said water chamber atone side of said casing and its other end communicating with the upperend of said water chamber at the opposite side of said casing, each ofsaid tubes having the lower portion intermediate its ends extendingsubstantially horizontally across said water tube chamber and the otherportion substantially Vertically a plurality of other series of tubesarranged in said water tube chamber in alternate relation to saidfirst-mentioned series, each of said second mentioned series of tubesincluding a plurality of parallel water tubes spaced in planesparallelto the planes of said first mentioned series and the tubes of saidsecond-mentioned series communicating at their ends with said waterchamber and arranged in staggered relation to the tubes oi thefirst-mentioned series, and a fuel burner arranged at the lower end ofsaid water tube chamber directly beneath each of said first-mentionedseries of tubes and substantially parallel with the horizontal portionsof the tubes or said first-mentioned series.

6. A boiler comprising a main casing having an inner wall forming Withinitselta water tube chamber open at its lower end and formed with a ventat its upper end, said inner wall being surrounded in spaced relation atits top, sides and ends by an outer wall the lower edges of which areconnected to the lower edlg'es of said inner wall to form an annularwater chamber between said side walls and ast am' chamber at the top, aplurality of water tubes each having one end communicating with thelower end of said water chambenat one side of said casing and-its otherend communicating with the upper end of said water chamber at theopposite side of said casing, each of said tubes having the lowerportion intermediate its ends extending substantially horizontallyacross said water tube chamber.

and the other portion substantially verti-- cally the upper ends of saidtubes being curved outwardly toward the sides of the casing to preventthe water therein from being; projected into the steam chamber at thetop of said casing and heating means Ll 1 "1 1 at- 51116 lowei end ofsale water tube chamoer.

HARRY G. KRAUS.

